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Identifying tumor cells at the single-cell level using machine learning - inferCNV
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BioTuring

Tumors are complex tissues of cancerous cells surrounded by a heterogeneous cellular microenvironment with which they interact. Single-cell sequencing enables molecular characterization of single cells within the tumor. However, cell annotation—the assignment of cell type or cell state to each sequenced cell—is a challenge, especially identifying tumor cells within single-cell or spatial sequencing experiments. Here, we propose ikarus, a machine learning pipeline aimed at distinguishing tumor cells from normal cells at the single-cell level. We test ikarus on multiple single-cell datasets, showing that it achieves high sensitivity and specificity in multiple experimental contexts. **InferCNV** is a Bayesian method, which agglomerates the expression signal of genomically adjointed genes to ascertain whether there is a gain or loss of a certain larger genomic segment. We have used **inferCNV** to call copy number variations in all samples used in the manuscript.
Only CPU
inferCNV
NicheNet: modeling intercellular communication by linking ligands to target genes
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BioTuring

Computational methods that model how the gene expression of a cell is influenced by interacting cells are lacking. We present NicheNet, a method that predicts ligand–target links between interacting cells by combining their expression data with prior knowledge of signaling and gene regulatory networks. We applied NicheNet to the tumor and immune cell microenvironment data and demonstrated that NicheNet can infer active ligands and their gene regulatory effects on interacting cells.
Only CPU
nichenetr
Harmony: fast, sensitive, and accurate integration of single cell data
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BioTuring

Single-cell RNA-seq datasets in diverse biological and clinical conditions provide great opportunities for the full transcriptional characterization of cell types. However, the integration of these datasets is challeging as they remain biological and techinical differences. **Harmony** is an algorithm allowing fast, sensitive and accurate single-cell data integration.
Only CPU
harmonpy
SCEVAN: Single CEll Variational ANeuploidy analysis
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BioTuring

In the realm of cancer research, grasping the intricacies of intratumor heterogeneity and its interplay with the immune system is paramount for deciphering treatment resistance and tumor progression. While single-cell RNA sequencing unveils diverse transcriptional programs, the challenge persists in automatically discerning malignant cells from non-malignant ones within complex datasets featuring varying coverage depths. Thus, there arises a compelling need for an automated solution to this classification conundrum. SCEVAN (De Falco et al., 2023), a variational algorithm, is designed to autonomously identify the clonal copy number substructure of tumors using single-cell data. It automatically separates malignant cells from non-malignant ones, and subsequently, groups of malignant cells are examined through an optimization-driven joint segmentation process.
Required GPU
scevan

Trends

Scanpy is a scalable toolkit for analyzing single-cell gene expression data built jointly with anndata.

BioTuring

SCANPY integrates the analysis possibilities of established R-based frameworks and provides them in a scalable and modular form. Specifically, SCANPY provides preprocessing comparable to SEURAT and CELL RANGER, visualization through TSNE, graph-drawing and diffusion maps, clustering similar to PHENOGRAPH, identification of marker genes for clusters via differential expression tests and pseudotemporal ordering via diffusion pseudotime, which compares favorably with MONOCLE 2, and WISHBONE.
Only CPU
Scanpy